TEXTO en español del audio en ingles: shorturl.at/dhzN6
Esperamos esto por mucho tiempo.
Ahora lo tenemos. Estamos muy felices por eso.
Realmente esperamos nueva
información porque es algo muy interesante. Uno de los fundadores de esta
sesión, Frank Ordway, hace muchos años, expuso esta historia. Estamos esperando
ver nueva información sobre el inicio de la historia de Paulet. El auditorio es
tuyo
Muchas gracias. Hola a todos, es
un placer estar con ustedes, este es mi primer IAC y es un honor estar aquí.
Bueno, el tema de hoy es muy interesante, ya que algunas cosas que se han
venido difundiendo no están tan claras y otras están flotando como en el
"espacio". Así que vamos a intentar explicar el tema en pocos
minutos. La primera imagen que puedes observar es el océano, luego se aprecia el
cielo y finalmente el espacio. Lo hice a propósito porque el objetivo del
proyecto de Paulet era hacer eso conquistar la movilidad en estas tres áreas.
Bueno, para tener una exposición clara. Voy a dividir mi discurso en estos
cinco capítulos. El primero es una Introducción, una introducción muy breve por
cierto, el segundo hablaré del problema, luego la solución para pasar a algunas
quizás aplicaciones que pudo tener en su época y finalmente elaborare algunas
conclusiones.
En la imagen izquierda tienen la
tierra de la ciudad de Arequipa, Arequipa se ubica en el sur de América en el Perú.
Arequipa ciudad tiene un volcán imponente muy cerca, así que como puedes ver
allí. En su juventud, al Sr. Paulet le encantaban los cohetes, le encantaban
los fuegos artificiales, con 8 años imagínenselo lanzando diversos fuegos
artificiales y también practicando los lanzamientos con pequeños animales.
Paulet era un polifacético, un
polymath alguien que desarrolla, analiza y estudia muchos campos. Aquí a la
derecha pueden observar algunas fotos cuando tenía 8 años, aproximadamente, luego
en esta otra 37, después 40 y posteriormente
58. Por cierto, la pregunta clave que se planteó Paulet fue: ¿Cómo viajar y
habitar al espacio exterior? Esa fue la pregunta principal de su vida. En esta
introducción deseo destacar los lugares que visitó y marcaron su juventud, el más
importante y relevante fue la Exposición Internacional de 1900 en Francia,
donde trabajó, donde aprendió mucho de su maestro Marcelin Berthelot. Su tutor
lo ayudó a desarrollar sus ideas. Durante este periodo se desarrollaron
importantes inventos como pueden observar y en la misma lámina también podrán apreciar
la relación de docentes con quienes trabajó y se le relaciona, la influencia
que recibió como podemos concluir provino de diferentes países.
¿Qué hay del problema? Bueno, en nuestro
presente siglo XXI vivimos con la cultura de la evidencia, eso es cierto, si
visitamos un lugar la cultura nos invita a tomarnos una foto selfie y solo así alguien
nos cree. Pero hace algunos años no era así teníamos el poder de nuestra
palabra. Si te decía que iba a estar en un lugar a tal hora, tu confiabas en mí
y yo no faltaba. Bueno, en el caso de Paulet, el problema fue que no publicó
sus inventos cuando terminó sus trabajos y experimentos. Si no más bien lo hizo
30 años después, así que eso es un gran problema. 30 años¡ Es por esa razón que
algunas personas obviamente dijeron: ¡Buenas, Sr. Paulet, díganos la verdad, muéstrenos
los hechos, las fotografías, los videos o tal vez las publicaciones o patentes!
Por ejemplo, como se puede observar en esta web que he seleccionado donde se
expone la cronología de la historia de la ciencia aeroespacial, nuestro homenajeado
el Sr. Paulet no figura.
PAUSA...
TEXTO del audio en ingles: shorturl.at/dhzN6
"We wait for this for
a very long time. Now we got it. We are very happy for it.
We truly hope for new
information because it is a very interesting SIG thing. One of the godfathers
of this session Frank Ordway for many years ago He came up with this story. We
are waiting we are very interesting to see new information about the start. The
plause is yours
Thank you very much.
Hello everybody it is a pleasure to be here this is my first IAC and it is an
honour to be here. Well the topic for today it is very interesting as we heard
because there are some things that are not clear and other things that are like
in “space”. So we are going to explain in a few minutes. The first picture as
you can see you have the ocean, then you have the sky and then the space. I made
it in purpose because the objective of this project was to do that to go in
this three areas. Well in order to have a clear exposition. I am going to
divide my speech in these five chapters. The first one an Introduction, a very brief
introduction, the second the problem, the solution, maybe some applications of
that time and finally some conclusions.
On the left you have
the land the city of Arequipa, Arequipa in the south of America in Peru.
Arequipa has a volcano near, so as you can see there. At the beginning Mr.
Paulet he loved rockets, he loved fireworks, with 8 years you can imagine
sending lots of fireworks and also doing some practice with little animals
inside.
He was a polymath, a
polymath someone who develop, analyse and studied many fields. Here on the
right you can see some pictures where he was 8 years old, approximately, then
37, 40 and 58. By the way the question was: How to travel to outer space? That
was the main question of his life. The introduction in this case will be the
places that he visited, the first the most important was the Exposition of 1900
in France, where he worked there, where he learnt a lot and his teacher
Marcelin Berthelot helped him to developed his ideas. Also at that time there were
some inventions that you can see here, and in the list you will see the teacher
that he worked with, the influence that he had as you can see from different
countries.
What about the
problem? Well In this century we need a lot of evidence, that’s true, if we are
in a place we need a selfie and someone believes us. But some years ago we have
our word If I will tell you I am going to be there sharp you trust me. Well in
this case the problem was that he didn’t publish his inventions when he
finished the works. He did it 30 years later, so that is a big problem¡ 30
years¡ So some people obviously they said Hey¡ Mr. Paulet give me the truth,
give the facts, give the photographs, the videos or maybe the papers. Well as
you can see there is a web were you have the chronology the history of
aerospace science but Mr. Paulet is not there.
And here we have some
quotes from different authors that obviously and - I am putting in his feet’s -
if you don’t something to check you will say maybe is not true. But on the
other hand there were people that also believe him some people that also draw make some drawings
from his articles. And they said ok, you did this work you explained in
article, I believe you. But In my case in my research was to go a little beyond
to check maybe more sources.
On the left you have
the famous graphic, the famous drawing the famous sketch that was made in 1947,
obviously based on the article of 1927. There was another article in 1944 this
one that was made in Argentina where he explained all his works. How about the
solution, we have a problem, we have an idea, an invention and we have two
perspectives.
My solution was ok I
will go to the library I will go - you know - to the files to check what happened
at that time. So I found these articles that you can see on the screen on
yellow and these articles are not we can say reports, there are interviews,
there are articles that he by his word he mentioned what happened at that time.
And there was another question where did Paulet study? I found that he studied
in different countries in France, in Belgium, in UK, in Germany.
He was here in 1896
in the most famous exposition “The Industrial Exposition” where he learn a lot
of things. Also he was in UK in different conferences connected with telegraphy
and aviation. And he studied in France as I found he was there – as an official
student - from 1898 until 1901. And here on this area we have some pictures of
his articles obviously both of them in Spanish. He published all his ideas
there.
Also something I want
to know it was What about the background? If you do something is not like magic
you have to trained a lot so what I found is that he was training art things,
he was also doing some sculptures drawings and at the same time practicing with
fireworks and rockets. This is a new photograph over there in the left where he
was like 17 or 18 years old. But he was not only a student he was a member of
clubs, of societies so that is very important to mention.
That is the reason
that I am in IAC you have to be part of something part of a team. Also he was
doing some watercolours and here we have some sculptures that he made in 1893.
Well the solution was there to connect and study both art and science at the
same time. These are the photographs of some the exposition that he attended
and in order to be a little more clear I just quoted both ideas the first one you
have “14 years ago sent from Paris to this newspaper and fantastic news about
motor sport” that is a long article almost 3 pages. And in that article he
explained how car works, how engines work there and how he was so happy to know
about this new field.
On the other hand -
this is brand new information - in 1910 there was a special moment for aviation
especially for Mr. Geo Chavez and all the things that happened around him. So
there was an important interview where he explained all his ideas and it is about
2 pages, the most important there in that interview is that He said “Yes I was
practicing with rockets with my rocket engine but I was doing that for
different reasons I had to stop”. And as you can see in the text He is like “I
am so sad what I stopped”. In this case - and sorry for the big information – I
was trying to summarize as a timeline all the things he made obviously the time
is running and I think colour will help me.
The green things are
the societies that he belonged. It is important as I mentioned not just to
focus in our field it is to go beyond and check more things. He was an Aero-club
de France member, he was an Astronomical Society member and many other
societies that you can see there.
The yellow box is for
expositions as I said he participated in many expositions, the sky blue colour
are the papers and articles that he published and then next colour the orange
one are the universities that he attended. He was an active student as a free
student and also an official student. It is important to know because in the
XIX century we had that possibility to be in a place as a free student.
And then in the grey
colour we have the inventions that he made. Obviously I wrote there 1895
between 1897 because I am still searching - there is a lot of work to do - and
he finished the last drawings in 1902. The new information is there as I
mentioned articles that explained articles that showed that he was doing his
work.
What about the
possible applications – I mean – at that time? Also he wrote some of them. But it
is also interesting to know that I found some pictures. On the left you have a
picture where he was promoting balloons in our country. There is another
picture where he was doing experiments with balloons. And this also mentioned
the importance of values here because in the second picture it is not for what
he can say scientific purpose, He was in a hospital, in a hospital where there
people that were almost dying and he was thinking “why not to help them, maybe
the last thing he will see on earth will be something interesting”, and When I
read that and analyse I said What is the most important in life? Values is
first, then is science, technology and the other things.
Well In the third
picture you have conference of him. He made seven conferences of aviation in
1910. And all of them were really interesting, different fields about
aircrafts, balloons, miniatures, etc. really wonderful. As you can see here are
the explanations of the things that he said I will present maybe in the
picture, He was trying to teach us or to explain that with his inventions he was
– as you can see there –: “It could make true airships with full metal covers”
everything, “More comfortable space inside”, finally he called: “The Chemical
rocket” to be like this vertical, take off, it was very interesting.
Also here we have
more quotes where he started to analyse to reflect about flying in the writings
in the newspapers where I found the articles, He is really concerned about the
importance of flying but not only at that time, he was thinking a little more.
And also he was trying to help my country because we didn’t have too many cars,
just one, two, three or four, so he said hey come on there are things we have,
the highlands, the coast the jungle, we can do some things.
So he started to
write in newspapers to start to spread these ideas. Also he was doing some
activities connected with aerospace, with aviation and he was reflecting about
the importance of the rockets. Also an important information is that in my
country we have a museum fortunately the original drawing of Mr. Paulet is
there. So When I visited the museum I was – you know – analysing hours and
hours watching the drawings and then when I was closer to the poster to the
drawing I found german letters, hey was that¡ So in the picture you can see Vertikal Flug but then he erased and
putted vertical flight. So my
hypothesis is that he was here in the end of the XIX century in 1896, he knows
German, He learnt here German and then he studied also here. So I need helped
from you because I am sure that there will be some information in Germany about
his studies and many articles.
Then in 1944 in
another interview, a famous interview, he explained his ideas of rockets. As I
said He was a member of different associations and this is the picture where he
studied in France. What about the conclusions well maybe the best way to
conclude will be: he made something and there is an interesting thing that he
said in the next slide: “rockets at the moment were something new” obviously we
were just doing something with aviation but the conclusion is that we need to
test, we need to continue doing things and in other articles he said something
important: “It is not only the work of one person we need a team to do things”,
in the articles that I found he didn’t said I am the inventor of something I am
just the architect the designer just that and to be an architect like we are in
this building, an architect can’t build all this amazing building alone, but he
had the idea, the design, the drawing and that is the most important when we
developed new things. Here we have some covers of books that we have in Peru
and here to finish I have a list of some of the books that I am still trying to
analyse, to read I am enjoying the reading because nowadays we are too much
connected with cellphones, but in our country we don’t have too many libraries
but I make this list also with colours to be a little didactic the green ones
are the articles connected with the writings of Mr. Paulet, the read ones are
the people that believe him and there is big list from different countries
Russia, from USA, from France and to finish I want to say Thank you very much
for your attention. This is my first time here I am sorry maybe for my poor
English. I tried to do my best and I am sure as you have in the last sentence
the list continue until now. We respect all the perspectives and we hope to add
something new to this interesting discussion. Thank you very much.
Well I am surprised
this really added something to our knowledge this committee is very happy about
it because now we get it in more and more about his life. So congratulations¡ Are
there any question? Well ….Oh yeah Go on:
1)
Do you have any idea where you will
start digging for sources in Germany for instance
In our country at the time you have your ID
(identification document) at 21 years old so he was with his mother in 1894 and
unfortunately his mother passes away in 1894. In 1895 he got his bachelor
degree and he travelled to Europe. My first source is that he was in Germany in
1896 in the Exposition there are some articles that he said, that he explained
“I was in this amazing exposition too many things I was reading, taking notes
may be doing some sketches” and there is another source that he is writing to
his teachers in Germany. So I have another hypothesis maybe I want to share
right now I think he studied in the same university that Mr. Von Braun studied
and in the same university Albert Einstein studied. This hypothesis is in
progress. But I have now some really clear stuff that he said in papers in
letters that he was studying here that is the reason in my speech I said the
search need to continue and I think the next step is in Germany.
2) I am sorry but you didn’t mention this. Does he was familiar with the
work of Tsiolkowski?
That is a good question. Until now I didn’t
find connexions. You have here summary. From 1900 until 1945 there are more
information He also invented a solar panel in Belgium this is another field. He
was in 1928 in the celebration of Geographical society and there is a big
report of all the things about that event. I am sure because Tsiolokowki appear
on scene almost in the middle of XX century so there will be some connections
but I some libraries and I’ll continue the searching.
The other person that comes to my mind is
Esnault Pelterie who was active in the early eighteen in France maybe Paulet
was familiar with the group in France organizations, and maybe there are some
connections.
That’s true He quotes his work He said we need
to move from aeronautics to astronautics following his ideas. Obviously yes
there are connections.
There is a lot of work to do as you said. Ok thank
for your question.
Ok. Thank you very much.
Professor David
Villanueva from Peru.
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